Pigmentation

Vitiligo: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Vitiligo is not contagious. Here is a complete guide to understanding and treating vitiligo.

06 Oct 20268 min read
Vitiligo: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options
Dr. (Major) Asmita Singh06 Oct 20268 min read

Vitiligo is a condition where skin loses its pigment, causing white patches. It affects about 1-2% of the world's population. ## What is Vitiligo? Vitiligo is an autoimmune condition where melanocytes (pigment-producing cells) are destroyed, leading to white patches on the skin. ## Is It Contagious? No! Vitiligo is not contagious. It cannot spread through touch, sharing food, or any other contact. ## Causes - Autoimmune response - Genetic predisposition - Stress (trigger) - Sunburn (trigger) - Thyroid disorders (associated) - Not caused by diet or hygiene ## Types of Vitiligo - **Focal** — One or a few patches - **Segmental** — One side of the body - **Generalized** — Widespread - **Acrofacial** — Hands, feet, face - **Universal** — Almost all skin ## Treatment Options **Medical:** - Topical corticosteroids - Topical calcineurin inhibitors - Oral mini-pulse therapy - Vitamin D analogues - Antioxidants **Light-Based:** - NB-UVB phototherapy - Excimer laser (308nm) - PUVA therapy **Surgical:** - Suction blister grafting - Melanocyte transplantation - Punch grafting **Cosmetic:** - Camouflage makeup - Self-tanning products ## Treatment Timeline - Repigmentation is slow - 6-12 months minimum - Face responds best - Hands and feet respond slower - Consistency is key ## Living with Vitiligo - Use sunscreen religiously - Avoid skin trauma - Manage stress - Join support groups - Consider counseling if needed - Cosmetic options available ## New Hope Research is ongoing. New treatments like JAK inhibitors are showing promising results. Talk to your dermatologist about the latest options.

#Vitiligo#Autoimmune#Pigmentation
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